📚 Retail calculators
The retail calculators cluster covers merchandising and store performance math: sell-through, markdown, gross margin, inventory turnover, GMROI, stock-to-sales, sales per square foot, store conversion, ATV, UPT, attach rate, weeks of supply, open-to-buy, fill rate, aged inventory, promo lift, return rate, and shrink percentage—each on a single-intent URL. Business margin, marketing conversion, and logistics turnover/fill/return live on their own hubs.
Run retail merchandising and store math in one place: sell-through, markdown, gross margin, inventory turnover and GMROI, stock-to-sales, sales per square foot, store conversion, ATV, plus Wave 2 tools for UPT, attach rate, weeks of supply, open-to-buy, fill rate, aged inventory, promo lift, and return rate, alongside shrink %. Keep POS/ERP period and location definitions identical to the calculator labels. Generic Business margin, online Marketing conversion, and supply-chain Logistics turnover / fill / return live on their hubs—do not swap those denominators into store merchandising flash.
Key facts
| Primary audience | Buyers, planners, store managers, and retail finance partners |
|---|---|
| Core formulas | Sell-through, markdown, GM%, turnover, GMROI, stock-to-sales, SPSFT, CVR, ATV, UPT, attach, WOS, OTB, fill, aged, promo lift, return, shrink |
| Category | Retail / merchandising / store operations |
| Related hubs | Business (margin); Marketing (conversion); Logistics (turnover, fill, return) |
Definitions
Sell-through
Units sold ÷ units received × 100—how much of a receipt set sold. Distinct from inventory turnover.
Open-to-buy
Planned sales + planned EOM − beginning inventory − on-order—remaining purchase budget.
UPT
Units sold ÷ transactions—basket depth. Distinct from ATV (sales÷transactions).
Weeks of supply
Inventory ÷ average weekly sales—coverage in weeks. Distinct from logistics days of supply.
Formulas
- Sell-through %: Units sold ÷ Units received × 100
- Markdown %: (Original − Sale) ÷ Original × 100
- Gross margin %: (Sales − COGS) ÷ Sales × 100
- Inventory turnover: COGS ÷ Average inventory
- GMROI: Gross margin $ ÷ Average inventory
- Stock-to-sales: Average inventory ÷ Sales
- Sales per sq ft: Sales ÷ Selling square feet
- Store conversion %: Transactions ÷ Store visitors × 100
- ATV: Sales ÷ Transactions
- UPT: Units sold ÷ Transactions
- Attach rate %: Attach units ÷ Base units × 100
- Weeks of supply: Inventory ÷ Average weekly sales
- Open-to-buy: Planned sales + Planned EOM − Beginning − On-order
- Fill rate %: Units filled ÷ Units demanded × 100
- Aged inventory %: Aged inventory ÷ Total inventory × 100
- Promo lift %: (Promo − Baseline) ÷ Baseline × 100
- Return rate %: Returns ÷ Units sold × 100
- Shrink %: (Book − Physical) ÷ Book × 100
Comparison table
| Topic | Guidance |
|---|---|
| Sell-through vs inventory turnover | Sell-through is units sold÷received; turnover is COGS÷average inventory. |
| UPT vs ATV | UPT is units÷transactions; ATV is sales÷transactions. |
| Attach rate vs UPT | Attach rate is attach÷base units; UPT is all units÷tickets. |
| Weeks of supply vs stock-to-sales | WOS uses weekly sales run rate; stock-to-sales is inventory÷period sales. |
| Open-to-buy vs stock-to-sales | OTB is a purchase budget; stock-to-sales is a coverage ratio. |
| Retail fill rate vs logistics fill rate | Same ratio shape; Logistics is supply-chain framing—use Retail for store/vendor merchandising. |
| Retail return rate vs logistics return rate | Same ratio shape; different hubs—keep store vs supply-chain framing separate. |
| Promo lift vs markdown | Lift is promo sales vs baseline; markdown is price cut vs ticket. |
| Aged inventory vs shrink | Aged is share past age threshold; shrink is book vs physical shortage. |
| Store conversion vs marketing conversion | Store CVR is transactions÷visitors; marketing CVR is conversions÷clicks/sessions. |
| GMROI vs gross margin % | GMROI is margin $÷inventory; gross margin % is margin÷sales. |
| ATV vs hospitality average guest check | ATV is retail sales÷transactions; guest check is F&B sales÷covers. |
Glossary references
Reinforce entities by pairing percent language with conversion pages when learners mix fractions, decimals, and ratios.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
Is retail inventory turnover the same as logistics inventory turnover?
Same formula shape, different hubs. Use Logistics for supply-chain framing and this Retail hub for store/category merchandising turns.
How do UPT and ATV differ?
UPT = units sold ÷ transactions. ATV = sales ÷ transactions.
Is retail fill rate the same as logistics fill rate?
Same ratio shape. Use Logistics for supply-chain framing; use this Retail page for store/vendor merchandising fill.
Is retail return rate the same as logistics return rate?
Same ratio shape, different hubs. Keep store/channel returns on Retail and supply-chain returns on Logistics.
What is open-to-buy?
OTB = planned sales + planned ending inventory − beginning inventory − on-order. Negative OTB means you are overbought vs plan.
Do these replace POS or ERP reporting standards?
No. They compute educational formulas from your inputs—POS, ERP, and brand definitions remain authoritative.