Net Operating Income

The core input to cap rate and many DSCR models. Do not subtract loan payments in OpEx.

NOI = EGI (or operating income) − OpEx (excludes mortgage principal/interest).

Tip: Keep “Operating Income / EGI” and “Operating Expenses” on the same basis (units, period, and definition) before you calculate.

Cluster: Real Estate hub · Cap rate · Percentage guide

Net operating income (NOI) is property income after operating expenses, before debt service and income taxes.

Enter effective/operating income and operating expenses for the same year.

$
Annual effective operating income
$
Annual OpEx (no debt service)

NOI

Understanding Noi

How we calculate. NOI = EGI (or operating income) − OpEx (excludes mortgage principal/interest). See our methodology and accuracy policy .

Real-world scenario: A typical Net Operating Income case uses operating income / egi 120000 and operating expenses 45000. Enter the same figures below to reproduce the worked path.

What is Net Operating Income?

The core input to cap rate and many DSCR models. Do not subtract loan payments in OpEx.

  • Exclude debt service from expenses
  • Exclude income taxes
  • Match the same year

The Formula

Net Operating Income
NOI = Operating income − Operating expenses

Worked Example

Scenario: Operating income $120,000; operating expenses $45,000.
Step 1: NOI = 120000 − 45000 = $75,000
Answer: NOI is $75,000.

Common Use Cases

  • Cap rate inputs: valuation screens
  • Lender packages: underwriting NOI
  • Asset reviews: year-over-year NOI

Pro Tips

  • Normalize one-time expenses
  • Use trailing or forward NOI consistently
  • Pair with OpEx ratio
ScenarioWhen to use
Percent of a numberFinding a part of a whole (tax, tip, score)
Percent changeComparing old vs new values

Limitations: Net Operating Income results are educational real-estate planning aids—not appraisals, loan offers, or investment advice. Confirm figures with qualified professionals.

Common mistakes

  • Swapping part and whole: The denominator must be the full total, not a subset.
  • Rounding too early: Carry extra decimal places through multi-step work before rounding the final percent.
  • Mixing percent and decimal forms: Enter rates in the format the calculator labels expect.

The worked example for noi calculator was verified with the calculator form on this page—enter the same values to confirm the result.

When to use this calculator

  • Use this page when your wording matches noi calculator and the form labels on screen.
  • Use percent of a number for “what is X% of Y?” problems.
  • Use number is what percent when you know part and whole and need the percent.

Still unsure about noi calculator? Start with the quick answer above, then open the linked calculator that matches your wording.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I use this noi calculator calculator?

For noi calculator, enter the values labeled on the form, then press Calculate. Compare the result to the worked example on this page.

What formula does this page use?

See the quick answer and formula box above for noi calculator—the same percentage calculator expression is applied to your inputs.

What if my result looks wrong?

When checking noi calculator, re-check part vs whole (or rate vs base), rounding, and whether percents were entered as 25 rather than 0.25 when the form expects percents.

Authoritative References

For real estate investing concepts, consult: